Blackburn's Heritage Plaques 🐾

Blackburn boasts a vibrant history filled with notable citizens and events that have left a lasting impact on the town and beyond. Many of these remarkable people and key moments are commemorated with “blue plaques” — and, in some cases, plaques of other colors — displayed at various locations throughout Blackburn. These markers celebrate everything from the birthplaces of influential figures to sites of significant historical events, serving as visual reminders of Blackburn’s rich heritage.


Each plaque provides a glimpse into the stories that shaped Blackburn, honouring those who contributed to the town’s legacy in fields like industry, culture, politics, and community life. Visitors and locals alike can explore the town through these markers, discovering the people and places that put Blackburn on the map and shaped its identity over the centuries. This plaque trail not only offers an educational journey through the town’s past but also connects Blackburn’s present to its celebrated history, creating a unique sense of place and pride.

In 1429, John Nowell paid homage at a hill in Blackburn, acknowledging his land held from Thomas Hesketh, Lord of the Manor. This was one of the early recorded events marking the town’s feudal history. Moving forward to 1642, Civil War was raging in England and Sir Gilbert Hoghton, MP and Royalist, bombarded Blackburn with cannon fire.


Much later, by the mid-18th century, industrialisation had begun to shape Blackburn, and Sir Robert Peel (1750–1830), born in 1750, became a prominent figure in this transformation. An early industrialist, he amassed wealth and entered politics, and later, his son would serve as Prime Minister.


In 1838, nearly a century after Peel’s birth, John Morley was born in Blackburn on Christmas Eve. Morley would go on to become a writer and influential politician, later serving as Secretary of State for India. Just a few years later, in 1842, Blackburn witnessed a tragic incident when troops fired upon protesting textile workers during the “Plug Plot Riots,” leaving several dead. This event symbolised the era’s unrest amid industrial change.


In 1847, A.N. “Monkey” Hornby was born. Known for his prowess in sports, he went on to captain England’s national teams in both cricket and rugby and played football for Blackburn Rovers - and was partly responsible for the creation of "The Ashes". Five years later, in 1852, Daniel Burley Woolfall was born. His love for football would lead him to become FIFA’s first British President in 1906, a post he held until his death in 1918.


In 1865, William Wolstenholme was born. Despite being blind, he became a talented organist and composer, celebrated for works such as Fantasia in E Major. Just over a decade later, Professor John Garstang, an influential Egyptologist, was born in 1876. He went on to found the British Institute of Archaeology and remained a leading figure in archaeology until his death in 1956.


The 1880s marked significant developments in Blackburn’s urban life. In 1881, the Blackburn and Over Darwen Tramway opened, becoming Britain’s first steam-operated street tramway, connecting communities across the town. That same decade saw the completion of Blackburn Station in 1888, built by the Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway, enhancing the town’s connectivity.


Around this time, John Noel Nichols (1883–1966), inventor of the iconic Vimto drink, was born and would later attend Blackburn’s Queen Elizabeth’s Grammar School. The 1880s also marked a golden age for Blackburn Rovers, who became one of 12 founding members of the Football League in 1888 after their establishment in 1875.


In 1893, Dorothy Whipple, later a renowned novelist, was born. She would go on to write notable works, including They Were Sisters. A few years later, in 1896, Blackburn hosted its first moving picture show at the Lyceum Theatre, marking a milestone in local entertainment.


The late 19th century saw Blackburn emerge as a centre for pioneering cinema. Mitchell and Kenyon, local filmmakers, founded Norden Films in 1897, producing documentary-style films that captured local life until about 1913. Around the same time, Kathleen Ferrier (1912–1953) was born in Higher Walton and soon moved to Blackburn, where she spent her formative years before becoming one of Britain’s most acclaimed contralto singers.


In the early 20th century, Alfred Wainwright was born in Blackburn’s Audley Range in 1907. Known for his love of fell walking and meticulous guidebooks, he would later capture the Lake District’s beauty in his iconic Pictorial Guides to the Lakeland Fells. Two decades later, in 1929, Jack Walker was born. An entrepreneur who made his fortune in the sheet metal industry, he later transformed Blackburn Rovers by leading them to the Premier League championship in 1995.


In 1942, Rev. Chad Varah became vicar of Holy Trinity Blackburn. Inspired by his work here, he later founded the Samaritans in 1953, establishing a lasting legacy in mental health support across the UK.


Together, these influential individuals and key events form a rich historical landscape, showcasing Blackburn’s role in shaping diverse fields, from industry to the arts, sports, and social welfare. This timeline connects Blackburn’s past to its present, reflecting centuries of local and national significance.

"On 15th May, 1429, the three weekly court of the Blackburn Hundred was held on this hill. Here John Nowell paid homage for land that he held in Great Harwood from Thomas Hesketh of Rufford, the Lord of the Manor of Great Harwood"

The Homage on the Hill – May 15, 1429


On May 15, 1429, under an overcast spring sky, the bustling court of the Blackburn Hundred convened on this very hill. In the heart of Lancashire’s ancient countryside, where the sounds of village life blended with the whispers of the Ribble Valley winds, John Nowell stood before his peers, paying homage for his land in Great Harwood. This land, held under the powerful Thomas Hesketh of Rufford, Lord of the Manor of Great Harwood, symbolized not only Nowell’s rights and responsibilities but also his allegiance in a time when loyalty to landholders anchored the lives of local families.


The Blackburn Hundred, known also as Blackburnshire, stretched across the rugged and fertile landscapes of northern England, encompassing the Ribble Valley, Burnley, Rossendale, Blackburn, and South Ribble. These lands, with Blackburn at their heart, formed a district where ancient customs and local governance merged, and where the voices of free men and farmers shaped a community’s legal and social fabric.


The hill where Nowell pledged his fealty was a significant place—a gathering point where the court met three times each week to settle disputes, witness land transfers, and reaffirm the bonds of feudal loyalty. The setting of these courts gave each transaction a weight of tradition and unity. For centuries, the Blackburn Hundred’s people gathered here to find common ground, defend their rights, and navigate the world of manorial obligations—a world where land was both life and legacy.

As you stand here today, imagine the voices of 15th-century Blackburnshire rising from the past—spirits bound by a loyalty to land and Lord, honoring customs that shaped the England we know.

The Blackburn Hundred, also known as Blackburnshire, was a historical administrative division in Lancashire, covering parts of present-day East Lancashire. Formed before the Domesday Book and lasting until the early 19th century, it included towns like Blackburn and Burnley and encompassed several royal forests. Initially sparsely populated and part of the feudal system, it became industrialised in the 18th century. It transitioned to modern local governance as population and economic development grew.


For more details, visit Blackburn Hundred on Wikipedia.

2. English Civil War, ROYALISTS, 1642

"Early in the English Civil War, Sir Gilbert Hoghton and his Preston Royalists bombarded Blackburn with cannon fire from here, Christmas Day 1642"

Christmas Day Cannons – The 1642 Bombardment of Blackburn


On a cold Christmas Day in 1642, the stillness of Blackburn’s winter was shattered by cannon fire. Sir Gilbert Hoghton, an influential Royalist and Member of Parliament for Clitheroe, commanded his forces atop this hill, turning their artillery toward the Parliamentarian stronghold of Blackburn below. The boom of cannons reverberated through the countryside, signaling the fierce divisions that had taken hold early in the English Civil War.


Hoghton, a loyal supporter of King Charles I, represented both Clitheroe and later Lancashire, wielding considerable influence over the region. His Royalist sympathies were well known, and his resolve to crush the Parliamentarian uprising was ironclad. He brought his forces to the field, intending to weaken Blackburn—a town of vital strategic importance in Lancashire. That Christmas Day, Hoghton’s cannonade was a message of loyalty to the crown, part of a brutal struggle for control that would engulf families, neighbors, and towns across England.


In 1643, as the conflict wore on, Hoghton was appointed High Sheriff of Lancashire, a position that only deepened his commitment to the Royalist cause. But the tides of war were unkind to Hoghton and his allies. In 1648, just five years after the Parliamentarians recaptured Preston, Hoghton passed away at the age of 56, his loyalty to King and country paid with the loss of lands, influence, and the very town he once sought to protect.


As you look across this street today, imagine the smoke curling from those cannons, the echoes of Hoghton’s Christmas Day bombardment—a haunting reminder of how the English Civil War forever changed the lives and loyalties of Lancashire’s people.

Sir Gilbert Hoghton, 2nd Baronet (1591–1648), was an English Royalist politician who served in Parliament several times between 1614 and 1640. Known for his loyalty to King Charles I during the English Civil War, he led Royalist efforts in Lancashire and turned Hoghton Tower into a garrison. His estate was damaged and later confiscated during the conflict. He married Margaret Aston, with whom he had six sons and four daughters. His son Sir Richard Hoghton eventually reclaimed the estate.


For more details, visit Sir Gilbert Hoghton.

3. Sir Robert Peel, Bart, 1750

"A farmhouse here was the early home of Sir Robert Peel, Bart. (1750 - 1830). Father of Robert Peel, Prime Minister"

The Early Home of Sir Robert Peel – A Legacy of Industry and Influence


On this very spot stood the modest farmhouse that served as the early home of Sir Robert Peel, Baronet (1750-1830), a man whose vision and ambition helped shape the dawn of the Industrial Revolution. Born in Fish Lane, Blackburn, Sir Robert Peel rose from humble beginnings to become one of the pioneering industrialists of his era. His innovations in cotton manufacturing brought prosperity not only to his family but also to the region, sparking an era of growth that would forever alter the English landscape.


Peel’s success and fortune eventually drew him into the world of politics, where he joined Parliament, advocating for commerce and economic reform that supported Britain’s burgeoning industries. It was here, too, that he laid the foundations for a family legacy of public service. His son, Robert Peel, would follow his father’s path of influence, becoming one of Britain’s most notable statesmen and serving twice as Prime Minister. Among his son’s many contributions was the founding of the Metropolitan Police, an enduring symbol of Peel’s commitment to societal reform and stability.


Today, as you stand in the shadow of this farmhouse’s history, imagine young Robert running through the fields, unaware of the industrial empire his father would build or the mark he himself would leave on British history. This spot, a quiet echo of Lancashire’s rural past, gave rise to a family whose contributions would be felt across Britain and beyond, from the mills of Blackburn to the corridors of Westminster.

Sir Robert Peel, 1st Baronet (1750–1830), was an influential British industrialist and politician, pioneering textile manufacturing and amassing significant wealth. His success allowed him to enter politics, where he served as an MP. Peel’s legacy extended through his son, Sir Robert Peel, the future Prime Minister who founded the modern police force. The elder Peel was instrumental in advancing industry during the early Industrial Revolution, shaping both commerce and public service.


For further details, visit Sir Robert Peel, 1st Baronet on Wikipedia and https://thepeelsociety.btck.co.uk/PeelHistory/SirRobert1


4. 18th Century Ford Crossing of River Blakewater

This plaque is no longer on display and is therefore NOT a #cottontowncat photo - it is shared with permission from https://www.geograph.org.uk/reuse.php?id=424771

All credit to Mr T. Photo Š Mr T (cc-by-sa/2.0) 

"This crossing of the River Blakewater marks the site of the original ford by the South side of this bridge stood the 18th Century lock-up"

The River Blakewater Crossing and the 18th-Century Lock-Up


This crossing over the River Blakewater marks the location of the original ford, a vital passageway that connected early travellers and traders to Blackburn. In centuries past, before the construction of bridges, travellers forded the river at this point, using the natural low-water crossing to enter the town from the south. This ford was more than a mere path—it was Blackburn’s early lifeline, a route that brought goods, news, and new faces into town, helping to shape the community’s growth.


Standing guard by the south side of the ford in the 18th century was the town’s lock-up, a small but imposing stone structure where wrongdoers were briefly held. The lock-up served as a stark reminder of local law and order, its cold walls housing vagrants, petty thieves, and other offenders until they faced justice. In a town alive with the rhythms of commerce and labour, the lock-up represented both discipline and the growing complexity of life in Blackburn.


Today, a road into Blackburn town centre runs across this historic site, carrying thousands of cars where once the waters of the Blakewater ran freely. Beneath the pavement, the river still flows, hidden from view but inseparable from the story of Blackburn—a town where ancient paths and waterways paved the way for a thriving modern centre. Standing here, you are connected to centuries of journeys across the Blakewater, a history layered with the footsteps of travellers, traders, and townsfolk who shaped the Blackburn we know today.

The River Blakewater is a river in Lancashire that flows through Blackburn, originating as Knuzden Brook. It passes areas like Little Harwood and Brookhouse, largely running underground through the town centre due to Industrial Revolution-era culverting. The river joins the River Darwen near Witton Country Park, which eventually flows into the River Ribble. Tributaries include Snig Brook, Audley Brook, and Little Harwood Brook, which also enhance its flow. There are plans for future projects to uncover parts of the Blakewater in Blackburn’s centre.


For more details, visit Wikipedia.

5. Nicolo Paganini, 1833

"Nicolo Paganini celebrated violinist stayed at an inn here when he gave a recital in Blackburn 5th September 1833"

Paganini in Blackburn – A Night to Remember, 5th September 1833


On the evening of 5th September 1833, the renowned Italian virtuoso Nicolo Paganini arrived in Blackburn as part of his celebrated European tour. Known for his near-supernatural talent, Paganini was transforming the violin from an ensemble instrument into a powerful solo voice, captivating audiences across Europe. His stay here, at a local inn, became a part of Blackburn’s own cultural lore, marking the town’s brief encounter with one of music’s most legendary figures.


Paganini’s visit to Blackburn was part of his North West England performances before he continued on to Paris. To locals, the recital was a spectacle of skill and emotion rarely seen. With his dazzling technique and dramatic style, Paganini enchanted audiences with a level of mastery that was as much about theatre as it was about music. His fingers flew across the strings, coaxing sounds that seemed almost otherworldly—a style that would inspire generations of musicians to come.


Today, as you stand on this site, imagine the excitement that swept through Blackburn as Paganini’s arrival was announced. For one unforgettable night, the world’s greatest violinist shared his gifts with this northern town, leaving an indelible mark on its history—a reminder of the magic of music and the extraordinary talent that once passed through Blackburn’s streets.

Niccolò Paganini’s groundbreaking violin skills and compositions inspired numerous later works. Composers such as Liszt, Brahms, and Rachmaninoff admired Paganini’s virtuosity, creating their own pieces based on his themes and techniques. His 24th Caprice, in particular, influenced several variations and adaptations, underscoring his lasting impact on classical music. His stylistic innovations also helped elevate the violin from an ensemble instrument to a solo showcase, setting new standards in performance and composition.


For further details, see Wikipedia.

6. John Morley, 1838

"John Morley Viscount Morley of Blackburn (1838 - 1923). Author, Cabinet Minister and Secretary of State for India was born in a house on this site on Christmas Eve 1838"

The Birthplace of John Morley, Viscount Morley of Blackburn – Christmas Eve 1838


On Christmas Eve 1838, in a modest house that once stood on this site, John Morley was born—destined to become a towering figure in British public life as Viscount Morley of Blackburn. The son of Jonathan Morley, a respected surgeon, and Priscilla Mary Donkin, Morley’s early years in Blackburn set the stage for an extraordinary career as an author, journalist, and statesman.


Despite his father’s hopes for him to join the clergy, Morley’s path diverged after a brief period at Oxford University, where he nurtured a passion for writing and critical thought. Turning to journalism, Morley became an influential voice in political and literary circles. He went on to write a definitive biography of William Gladstone, the great Liberal Prime Minister, whose ideals deeply inspired Morley.


As his career progressed, Morley himself entered politics, rising to Cabinet-level positions and eventually becoming Secretary of State for India, where he advocated for progressive policies. Known for his intellect and integrity, Morley brought a rare combination of literary acumen and political insight to his work, championing Liberal causes throughout his life.


Standing on this spot, you are connected to the early days of a Blackburn-born statesman who left an indelible mark on both British literature and public life. His journey from this birthplace to the halls of power reflects the spirit of ambition and thought that defined John Morley’s legacy as one of Blackburn’s most distinguished sons.

John Morley (1838–1923) was a British author, journalist, and politician who served as Secretary of State for India. Born in Blackburn, he attended Oxford but left to pursue a career in journalism, becoming known for his biographies, particularly of William Gladstone. Morley was an advocate for social reform and played a key role in the Liberal Party, promoting civil liberties and education. His writings reflect his commitment to liberal values and critique of imperialism.


For more details, visit Wikipedia.

7. Harry Hornby, 1841

"The Leyland House, built 1741, Grade II listed, the birthplace of Sir Harry Hornby M.P., 29th August 1841"

Leyland House – Birthplace of Sir Harry Hornby, M.P.


Built in 1741, Leyland House stands as a Grade II listed building, rich with history and local heritage. It was here, on 29th August 1841, that Sir Harry Hornby was born—an industrialist and the longstanding Member of Parliament for Blackburn. Despite holding his parliamentary seat from 1886 to 1910, Sir Harry Hornby became known for his quiet approach; famously, he never spoke once in the House of Commons, a rare distinction that made him a figure of curiosity in political circles.


Harry Hornby was part of a notable family with deep roots in Blackburn’s industrial and sporting history. His younger brother, A.N. “Monkey” Hornby, gained fame in cricket as the only man to captain England in both cricket and rugby, further adding to the family’s renown. While Harry pursued industry and politics, he maintained a reserved presence in public life, choosing instead to support Blackburn’s growth from behind the scenes.


Today, Leyland House stands as a reminder of Blackburn’s rich industrial and political legacy, connecting us to a time when families like the Hornbys helped shape the town’s character and prosperity. As you look upon this historic building, imagine the generations it has seen, from the young Harry Hornby to the bustling heart of 19th-century Blackburn, where industry, sport, and civic duty intertwined in remarkable ways.

Harry Hornby (1841–1924) was a British industrialist and politician who served as the Member of Parliament for Blackburn from 1886 to 1910. He was the elder brother of the cricketer A.N. ‘Monkey’ Hornby and became notable for his work in the textile industry. Interestingly, he was known for never having spoken in Parliament during his tenure. Hornby was also involved in local governance and was a prominent figure in Blackburn’s civic life.


For further details, visit Wikipedia.

8. Plug Plot, 1842

"Here in Darwen St on 15th August 1842, textile workers protesting against wage cuts in the famous "Plug Plot" were fired upon by Troops of the 72nd Regiment. Up to 3 of the demonstrators are thought to have been killed."

The 1842 Plug Plot Riots – Darwen Street’s Day of Protest and Tragedy


On 15th August 1842, Darwen Street became the scene of a tragic clash as local textile workers, rallying against severe wage cuts, joined in the historic “Plug Plot” protests. Angered by worsening economic conditions and pay reductions, the workers sought to shut down factories by pulling the plugs from steam boilers, halting production in a powerful show of solidarity. Yet, as the unrest grew, troops from the 72nd Regiment were dispatched to suppress the demonstrations. In the ensuing confrontation, soldiers opened fire, and up to three protesters tragically lost their lives on this very street.


The Plug Plot Riots, or the 1842 General Strike, marked one of Britain’s most significant episodes of industrial unrest, beginning in Staffordshire’s mining communities and quickly spreading across the North of England, into Wales, and even as far as Cornwall. This mass movement united workers across industries, all demanding fairer wages and improved working conditions in an era of relentless industrialisation.


Today, as you walk along Darwen Street, consider the courage and sacrifice of those textile workers who stood here in 1842, driven to desperate measures by their struggle for dignity and justice. This site, marked by their protest and the harsh response it provoked, serves as a sobering reminder of the turbulent path toward workers’ rights in Britain’s industrial heartland.

The 1842 General Strike was a widespread workers’ uprising across England, primarily driven by protests against wage cuts and harsh working conditions, particularly in the textile industry. It began in Staffordshire and rapidly spread to other regions, including Lancashire and Yorkshire. The unrest saw significant demonstrations and violent confrontations, such as the Plug Plot riots in Blackburn, where troops opened fire on protesters. The strike reflected the growing discontent among industrial workers during the early 19th century and highlighted the need for social and economic reforms.


For more information, visit Wikipedia.

9. A.N. 'Monkey' Hornby, 1847

"A.N. 'Monkey' Hornby (1847 - 1925). Captain of England at cricket and rugby, and footballer for Blackburn Rovers was born here on 10th February 1847."

Birthplace of A.N. “Monkey” Hornby – Blackburn’s Sporting Legend

On 10th February 1847, in this very place, A.N. “Monkey” Hornby was born—a man whose sporting achievements would make him one of Blackburn’s most celebrated sons. Known for his lively spirit and boundless energy, Hornby became a sporting icon, captaining England in both cricket and rugby, and later playing for Blackburn Rovers in their first-ever football match. His remarkable versatility made him a pioneer in British sport, and his contributions have left a lasting legacy.


Hornby’s cricket career reached historic heights when he captained England in the fateful test match against Australia, leading to England’s defeat and the symbolic “birth” of the Ashes—a rivalry that endures as one of the greatest in cricket history. On the football field, he further demonstrated his skill and passion, playing for Blackburn Rovers in their inaugural match against Partick Thistle at Alexandra Meadows on 2nd January 1878. This match marked the beginning of what would become one of England’s most storied football clubs.


Standing here, you are connected to the birthplace of a true sportsman whose dedication helped shape the early days of English cricket, rugby, and football. A.N. Hornby’s life and legacy continue to be celebrated, reminding us of the rich sporting heritage rooted here in Blackburn.

A.N. Hornby (1847–1925) was a notable English sportsman, excelling in cricket, rugby, and football. He captained the England cricket team and played for Blackburn Rovers in their inaugural match. Hornby is particularly remembered for his cricket career, where he faced Australia in a historic Test match that led to the creation of the Ashes. His versatility in sports made him a celebrated figure in early English athletics, contributing significantly to the development of cricket and football.


For more information, visit Wikipedia.

10. William Wolstenholme, 1865

"Here, on 24 February 1865, was born William Wolstenholme MUS.BAC (Oxon) F.R.C.O-Hon-Causa; The gifted blind organist and composer."

Birthplace of William Wolstenholme – A Visionary Composer and Organist


On 24th February 1865, William Wolstenholme was born here in Blackburn, destined to become one of England’s most gifted organists and composers. Despite being blind from birth, Wolstenholme achieved remarkable success, earning a Music Bachelor’s degree from Oxford and becoming a Fellow of the Royal College of Organists. His musical talent, combined with his resilience, left an enduring impact on English classical music.


Wolstenholme’s compositions, including Fantasia in E Major, The Question, and The Answer, showcase his creativity and command of the organ, and his work became cherished by audiences and musicians alike. Known for the emotional depth and technical precision of his music, he pushed the boundaries of composition, proving that his blindness was no barrier to musical brilliance.


Standing on this site today, you are in the presence of Blackburn’s musical legacy, rooted in the extraordinary life of William Wolstenholme—a visionary who transformed personal challenges into timeless compositions that continue to inspire generations.

William Wolstenholme was a talented blind organist and composer known for his contributions to English music in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He composed various works, including notable pieces like “Fantasia in E Major.” His music often showcased his proficiency in organ performance and his unique approach to composition, influencing both his contemporaries and future musicians.


For more information, visit the IMSLP page on William Wolstenholme.

11. Professor John Garstang, 1876

"Professor John Garstang (1876 - 1956). Egyptologist was born here 5th May 1876."

Birthplace of Professor John Garstang – Pioneer Egyptologist and Archaeologist


On 5th May 1876, Professor John Garstang was born here in Blackburn, beginning a life that would lead him to the forefront of archaeology and Egyptology. Known for his groundbreaking work in the ancient Near East, Garstang’s passion for uncovering the past took him across Egypt, Palestine, and Turkey, where he revealed new insights into some of the world’s oldest civilisations.


Garstang’s legacy includes founding the British Institute of Archaeology in Ankara, a centre dedicated to advancing research in Anatolian history and archaeology. His discoveries and meticulous research not only expanded understanding of ancient societies but also laid the foundation for future archaeological practices. Garstang’s career concluded in Beirut, Lebanon, where he passed away in 1956 at the age of 80, leaving behind a remarkable legacy of exploration and scholarship.


Today, as you stand at his birthplace, imagine the young John Garstang, whose curiosity for ancient worlds would one day lead him to become a pioneer in his field, forever linking Blackburn to the fascinating stories of human history.

John Garstang (1876–1956) was a prominent British Egyptologist known for his archaeological work in the Middle East. He founded the British Institute of Archaeology in Ankara and contributed significantly to the field through his excavations and studies, particularly in ancient Anatolia and Egypt. Garstang’s research advanced the understanding of ancient civilisations and their cultures, establishing him as a notable figure in archaeology.


For more information, visit Wikipedia.

12. Blackburn and Over Darwen Tramway, 1881

"Blackburn and Over Darwen Tramway. This road junction was the Northern terminus of the first street tramway in the Kingdom to be worked entirely by steam. Officially opened 14th April 1881."

Blackburn and Over Darwen Steam Tramway – A British First


This road junction marks the northern terminus of the Blackburn and Over Darwen Tramway, the first street tramway in the United Kingdom to be operated entirely by steam. Officially opened on 14th April 1881, this pioneering tramway connected Blackburn’s bustling town centre with Darwen’s Whitehall area, following a route along Darwen Street and Bolton Road, passing through Ewood and Earcroft.


For 17 years, steam-powered trams travelled this route, offering a revolutionary form of public transport that reshaped local travel and daily life. The tramway was a feat of engineering for its time, running smoothly over miles of track and significantly reducing travel times between Blackburn and Darwen. However, with advancements in technology and infrastructure, the tramway eventually ceased operation in 1898.


Standing here, you’re connected to a moment in history when Blackburn led the way in public transport innovation, paving the way for future developments in urban travel across the country. This junction is a reminder of a time when steam-powered trams brought new opportunities and mobility to the people of Blackburn and Darwen.

The Blackburn and Over Darwen Tramways Company operated the first street tramway in England powered entirely by steam, opening on 14th April 1881. The tramway connected Blackburn with Darwen, covering routes through several local streets. It remained in operation until its closure in 1898. The tramway system was significant in the development of public transportation in the area during the late 19th century.


For more details, visit Wikipedia.

13. John Noel Nichols 1883-1966

"The birthplace of John Noel Nichols 1883 - 1966. Educated at Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School and the inventor of Vimto."

Birthplace of John Noel Nichols – Inventor of Vimto


John Noel Nichols, born in 1883 and educated at Queen Elizabeth’s Grammar School in Blackburn, created a legacy that would bring a unique flavour to British culture. In 1908, Nichols invented Vimto—a fruit cordial concentrate designed to flavour water. Originally marketed as a health tonic, Vimto quickly became popular for its distinctive blend of grape, blackcurrant, and raspberry flavours, and remains beloved to this day.


Nichols’ creation emerged during an era when temperance movements encouraged alternatives to alcoholic drinks, making Vimto a welcome option for those seeking a refreshing, alcohol-free choice. What began as a small invention would grow into an iconic British brand, enjoyed by generations.


Standing here, you’re in the birthplace of a true Blackburn original whose vision created one of Britain’s most enduring drinks. Vimto’s vibrant legacy reflects Nichols’ innovative spirit, firmly linking Blackburn to this classic flavour that continues to delight taste buds worldwide.

Vimto is a fruit-based soft drink created in 1908 by John Nichols in Manchester, originally marketed as a health tonic. The drink, featuring a blend of grapes, raspberries, and blackcurrants, gained popularity over the years, evolving into various forms, including carbonated beverages. Vimto has become a staple in British culture and is enjoyed in many countries worldwide, particularly during Ramadan. The brand emphasises its heritage and connection to community and celebration.


For more information, visit Wikipedia and Vimto’s official history page.

14. Blackburn Railway Station, 1888

This plaque is no longer on display and is therefore NOT a #cottontowncat photo - it is shared with permission from https://www.geograph.org.uk/reuse.php?id=914003.

All credit to Robert Wade. Photo Š Robert Wade (cc-by-sa/2.0) 

This interior photo is NOT a #cottontowncat photo - it is shared with permission from https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/913989.

All credit to Robert Wade. Photo Š Robert Wade (cc-by-sa/2.0) 

"Blackburn Railway Station

Railtrack acknowledges contributions to the cost of restoration of the station frontage building in 1996 from the Railway Heritage Trust, Lancashire County Council and the Borough of Blackburn. Railtrack.


Blackburn Railway Station

This station was completed by the Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway in 1888, replacign the town's first station opened by the Blackburn & PReston Railway at this site in Stonybutts on 1st June 1846. The station frontage buidling is listed Grade II and stands in a Conservation Area."

Blackburn Station – A Gateway Through Time


Blackburn Station, completed in 1888 by the Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway, stands as a striking reminder of the town’s Victorian heritage. This elegant Grade II listed station, located in the heart of Stonybutts and within a designated Conservation Area, replaced Blackburn’s original station, which first opened on this site on 1st June 1846 under the Blackburn & Preston Railway.


The station’s historic frontage and architecture reflect the ambitions of the late 19th century, when Blackburn was a bustling hub of industry and progress. The Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway aimed to create a welcoming gateway to the town, investing in a design that was both functional and grand. The result is a structure that has served generations of travellers, linking Blackburn to the broader network of British railways and the towns and cities beyond.


Today, Blackburn Station continues to stand proudly, connecting the past with the present. As you stand before its classic facade, you are in the presence of a key piece of Blackburn’s industrial and transport history—a station that has witnessed over a century of journeys and remains an enduring symbol of the town’s place in Britain’s railway heritage.

The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR) was a major railway company in England, established in 1847. It expanded significantly by acquiring several smaller lines and became known for its extensive network connecting key industrial regions in Lancashire and Yorkshire. The LYR played a crucial role in the development of the rail industry and was notable for its innovation in services and technology. The company merged with other railways to form the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923.


For further details, visit Wikipedia.

15. Blackburn Rovers Football Club, 1888

"Blackburn Rovers - A Founder Member of the Football League 1888"

Blackburn Rovers – Founding Member of the Football League


Founded in 1875 by local sportsmen John Lewis and Arthur Constantine, Blackburn Rovers quickly rose to prominence, becoming one of the original twelve founding members of the Football League in 1888. As a team with deep roots in the community, Blackburn Rovers brought together a passion for football that helped define the early days of the sport in England.


The creation of the Football League was a monumental step in organised football, establishing a formal competition that would grow to become one of the most respected leagues in the world. Blackburn Rovers, with their early commitment to competitive play, were part of this historic beginning, solidifying the club’s place in British football heritage.


Today, the club remains a proud symbol of Blackburn’s sporting spirit. Standing as a testament to the town’s love for football and its pioneering role in shaping the game, Blackburn Rovers’ legacy as a founding member of the Football League continues to inspire fans and players alike.

The English Football League (EFL), established in 1888, is the oldest football league in the world. It originally comprised 12 clubs and has since expanded to include three divisions: the Championship, League One, and League Two. The EFL plays a key role in the English football pyramid, providing promotion and relegation between its divisions and the Premier League. It has also introduced various cup competitions, including the EFL Cup and EFL Trophy.


For further details, visit Wikipedia.


Blackburn Rovers Football Club, founded in 1875, is one of the oldest professional football clubs in England. It became a founding member of the Football League in 1888 and has a rich history, including winning the FA Cup three times. The club’s notable achievements include winning the Premier League in 1995, marking a return to the top flight of English football. Blackburn Rovers play their home games at Ewood Park.


For more details, visit Rovers Official Website.

16. Dorothy Whipple, 1893

"The Novelist Dorothy Whipple Nee Stirrup (1893 - 1966) was born in this house on 26th February 1893."

Birthplace of Dorothy Whipple – Beloved English Novelist


Born here on 26th February 1893, Dorothy Whipple (née Stirrup) grew up to become one of England’s cherished authors of the 20th century. Known for her keen insights into human relationships and domestic life, Whipple authored numerous novels and children’s books, including They Were Sisters and They Knew Mr Knight, which earned her a devoted readership and a lasting place in British literature.


Whipple’s works, celebrated for their empathetic characterisation and social observation, reflect a world of nuanced personal struggles and moral choices. Her storytelling, often set against the backdrop of everyday life, resonated deeply with readers, drawing them into her richly crafted worlds.


Today, standing at her birthplace, you are connected to the origins of a remarkable literary voice that captured the essence of British life and relationships with grace and depth. Dorothy Whipple’s novels continue to be loved by new generations, a testament to the timelessness of her work and her enduring connection to this community.

Dorothy Whipple (1893–1966) was an English novelist known for her insightful exploration of domestic life and women’s issues. Her notable works include “They Were Sisters” and “The Priory,” which often depict the struggles and resilience of women in early 20th-century society. Whipple’s writing reflects her keen understanding of human relationships and social dynamics, making her a significant figure in British literature. Her novels gained renewed interest in the late 20th century, contributing to her lasting legacy.


For more details, visit Wikipedia.

17. Blackburn's First Moving Picture show, 1896

"Lyceum Theatre. This building, then a theatre, was the venue for the first moving picture show in Blackburn, 28th September 1896."

This plaque is no longer attached to the venue and in 2023 was displayed at Prism Contemporary on Lord Street West.

The Lyceum Theatre – Blackburn’s First Cinema Experience


The Lyceum Theatre, originally opened as a music hall in 1880, holds a special place in Blackburn’s cultural history. On 28th September 1896, it hosted the town’s very first moving picture show, introducing locals to the wonders of cinema. This groundbreaking event marked Blackburn’s entry into the new era of film, captivating audiences with the magic of motion pictures at a time when cinema was still in its infancy.


Between 1896 and 1902, the Lyceum operated as a cinema, bringing early films to Blackburn and establishing itself as a vibrant centre for entertainment. Over the decades, the building adapted to the changing times, later becoming a nightclub known as ‘Never Never Land’ and then ‘C’est La Vie’ in the early 2000s. Each transformation reflected shifts in local culture, yet the Lyceum’s legacy as the birthplace of cinema in Blackburn remains.


Standing here today, you’re connected to a defining moment in Blackburn’s entertainment history, where the Lyceum Theatre first brought the silver screen to life, igniting the imaginations of audiences and beginning the town’s longstanding love affair with film.

This page on Cinema Treasures discusses the history of the Lyceum Theatre in Blackburn, which opened as a music hall in 1880 and later became a cinema in 1896, hosting the first moving picture show in the town. The theatre transitioned through various uses over the years, including a nightclub in the early 2000s. Its significance lies in its role in the local entertainment scene and the evolution of cinematic experiences in Blackburn.


For more details, visit Cinema Treasures.

18. Mitchell and Kenyon, 1897-1901

"Commemorating the centenary of cinema in 1996. Mitchell & Kenyon Blackburn's pioneer cinematographers and producers of Norden Films were based here in 1897 - 1901."

Mitchell & Kenyon – Pioneers of Cinema in Blackburn


This site commemorates the centenary of cinema in 1996 and honours Blackburn’s own pioneer filmmakers, Sagar Mitchell and James Kenyon. From 1897 to 1901, Mitchell & Kenyon operated their Norden Film Company here, creating films that captured the daily lives, events, and people of the region. Founded when Kenyon was 47 and Mitchell 33, the company began by producing documentary-style films where locals could see themselves on screen, a thrilling novelty in the early days of cinema.


Mitchell & Kenyon quickly expanded their repertoire, producing news reels, sports films, and even comedies, offering audiences an unprecedented glimpse into the world around them. By capturing real people in real places, their films became a priceless record of British life at the turn of the century. Their works continued until about 1913, leaving a legacy that was rediscovered and celebrated decades later.


Standing here, you are at the birthplace of Norden Film, where Mitchell & Kenyon’s groundbreaking work helped shape the early film industry. Their unique contribution to cinema began in Blackburn, giving this town a central role in the dawn of British filmmaking and the enduring appeal of documentary cinema.

Mitchell and Kenyon were British filmmakers known for their work in the early 20th century, particularly from 1897 to 1901. They specialised in producing local documentary-style films, capturing everyday life and events in northern England. Their films featured local people and places, making significant contributions to the early cinema landscape. Many of their works were rediscovered in the late 20th century, leading to renewed interest in their unique approach to filmmaking.


For more details, visit Wikipedia.

19. Vertical Steam Engine "Nellie", 1898-1972

"Vertical steam engine: "Nellie". Built by George Rushton, Lodge Bank, Darwen, installed at Sunnybank Mill, Darwen, April 1898. Last operated December 1972. Weight of fly wheel 3.5 tons, preserved March 1978."

“Nellie” – The Historic Vertical Steam Engine


Meet “Nellie,” a remarkable vertical steam engine built by George Rushton at Lodge Bank in Darwen. Installed at Sunnybank Mill in April 1898, this engineering marvel powered the mill through its operational years until December 1972. With a massive flywheel weighing an impressive 3.5 tons, “Nellie” exemplifies the ingenuity and industrial strength characteristic of the late 19th century.


After ceasing operations, “Nellie” was preserved in March 1978, recognising its historical significance as a vital piece of Darwen’s industrial heritage. This steam engine not only represents the technological advancements of its time but also serves as a testament to the community’s rich manufacturing history.


Today, as you stand in the presence of “Nellie,” you can appreciate the vital role that steam power played in the local textile industry and the profound impact it had on the region’s economy and development. This enduring symbol of engineering excellence continues to remind us of the industrious spirit of Darwen and its contributions to Britain’s industrial revolution.


Blackburn Corporation Tramways. Electrification commenced here March 1899. Electricity generated here, the site of the town's first power station. A.S. Giles, Engineer.

Alfred Sharman Giles was the Blackburn Borough Electrical Engineer and Manager of the Corporation tramways for 10 years.

Vertical, horizontal, inclined, and inverted refer to the orientation of steam engine cylinders. A vertical cylinder stands upright, while a vertical inverted engine has the crankshaft below the cylinder. Inclined and horizontal cylinders are positioned at angles or horizontally, which is advantageous for naval vessels as it lowers the engine profile, reduces vibration, and stabilises the ship’s centre of gravity. These configurations help minimise damage and enhance performance in maritime applications.


For more information, visit Wikipedia.

20. Blackburn Corporation Tramways, 1899

"Blackburn Corporation Tramways. Electrification commenced here March 1899. Electricity generated here, the site of the town's first power station. A.S. Giles, Engineer."

Blackburn Corporation Tramways – Birthplace of Electrification


This site marks a pivotal moment in Blackburn’s history: the electrification of the town’s tramways, beginning in March 1899. Here, on the grounds of Blackburn’s first power station, electricity was generated to power the tram network, transforming local transportation and connecting communities across the town. The vision and engineering behind this ambitious project were led by Alfred Sharman Giles, the Blackburn Borough Electrical Engineer and Manager of the Corporation Tramways for a decade.


Under Giles’ guidance, Blackburn embraced the future of urban transport, with electric trams quickly replacing horse-drawn alternatives and setting a new standard for efficiency. The Blackburn Corporation Tramways symbolised progress and innovation, with the electrification effort marking Blackburn as a leader in modernising public transport during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.


Standing at the site of the original power station, you can appreciate the legacy of Alfred Sharman Giles and the Corporation Tramways, whose pioneering work laid the foundation for the town’s growth and accessibility. This site not only commemorates Blackburn’s transition to electric power but also honours the transformative impact of engineering on urban life and connectivity.

The Blackburn Corporation Tramways began operations in 1899, initially using horse-drawn vehicles before electrification in 1901. The tramway network connected various parts of Blackburn, significantly enhancing local transport. It was known for its modern electric trams and contributed to urban development. However, due to competition from buses and changing transport preferences, the tramway system was eventually closed in 1966.


For more information, visit Wikipedia.


Alfred Sharman Giles was a prominent British electrical engineer known for his role in the development of Blackburn’s electrical infrastructure, particularly as the Borough Electrical Engineer. He was instrumental in the electrification of the Blackburn Corporation Tramways, contributing to the modernisation of public transport in the area. His work laid the groundwork for future advancements in electrical engineering within municipal services.


For more details, visit Grace’s Guide.

21. Daniel Burley Woolfall, 1900-1918

"Daniel Burley Woolfall, First British President of FIFA, 1900 - 1918 lived here."

Daniel Burley Woolfall – Blackburn’s FIFA Pioneer


Daniel Burley Woolfall, born in 1852 and a lifelong resident of Blackburn, is celebrated as the first British President of FIFA. Serving from 1906 until his death in 1918, Woolfall was only the second person to hold this prestigious position. His tenure marked significant developments in international football, including the introduction of the first non-European nations into FIFA, broadening the organisation’s global reach and influence.


A passionate advocate for the sport, Woolfall also represented Blackburn Rovers at the Lancashire Football Association when it was established in 1875, demonstrating his deep commitment to football at both local and international levels. His leadership and vision during a formative period for the sport were instrumental in shaping the future of football worldwide.


Today, as you stand in the house where Woolfall lived for most of his life, you are reminded of his lasting legacy and the pivotal role he played in elevating British football on the global stage. His contributions have not only left a mark on Blackburn’s sporting history but have also helped define the evolution of football as we know it today.

Daniel Burley Woolfall (1852–1918) was a prominent figure in football history, serving as the first British president of FIFA from 1906 until his death. He played a significant role in the development of international football governance and was instrumental in expanding FIFA to include non-European nations. Woolfall, who lived in Blackburn for most of his life, was also involved with Blackburn Rovers and contributed to establishing football’s regulatory framework during his tenure.


For more information, visit Wikipedia and Olympedia.

22. Alfred Wainwright, 1907

"The birthplace of Alfred Wainwright, author and fell walker (1907 - 1991)"

Birthplace of Alfred Wainwright – Beloved Author and Fell Walker


Alfred Wainwright, born in Blackburn’s Audley Range in 1907, rose to fame as one of Britain’s most cherished authors, illustrators, and fell walkers. Known for his meticulous Pictorial Guides to the Lakeland Fells, Wainwright’s hand-drawn maps and detailed descriptions of the Lake District’s landscapes captivated generations of walkers and nature lovers. His guides remain iconic, celebrated for both their artistic beauty and practical insight.


Beyond his work as an author, Wainwright became a television personality, sharing his love for the fells with an even wider audience. Though he later moved to Cumbria, where he spent much of his life exploring and documenting the landscape, his roots remained here in Blackburn. Wainwright passed away in Cumbria in 1991 at the age of 84, leaving behind a legacy of appreciation for the natural world.


As you stand at his birthplace, you connect with the origins of a man who profoundly influenced how people experience the British countryside. Wainwright’s dedication to the fells lives on through his guides, inspiring outdoor enthusiasts to follow in his footsteps and discover the beauty of the Lake District.

Alfred Wainwright (1907–1991) was a British fell walker, author, and illustrator, renowned for his Pictorial Guides to the Lakeland Fells. His guides combined detailed hand-drawn maps with personal reflections on walking in the Lake District, influencing generations of walkers and hikers. Wainwright also became a television personality, further popularising outdoor activities. His legacy includes not only his books but also a lasting impact on walking culture in Britain.


For more details, visit Wikipedia.

23. Kathleen Ferrier, 1912-1953

"The home from 1913 to 1933 of Kathleen Ferrier, Contralto Singer (1912 to 1953)."

The Blackburn Home of Kathleen Ferrier – Renowned Contralto


From 1913 to 1933, this house was home to Kathleen Ferrier, one of Britain’s most celebrated contralto singers. Though born in Higher Walton in 1912, Ferrier spent her formative years in Blackburn, where her remarkable talent for music began to shine. Initially working as a telephonist, Ferrier was gifted in both piano and singing, possessing a contralto voice – the rarest and deepest of female vocal ranges – that would later captivate audiences worldwide.


Ferrier’s path from Blackburn to international acclaim is a story of extraordinary dedication and natural talent. By the 1940s, her voice had earned her a place among Britain’s most beloved performers, renowned for her emotional depth and powerful interpretations of classical music and opera. Her career, though tragically short-lived, left a lasting impact on the world of music, with her recordings still cherished by audiences today.


Standing here, you are connected to the early life of Kathleen Ferrier, a local talent who became an international sensation. Her legacy endures as a testament to the beauty of the human voice and the inspiration that can come from humble beginnings.

Kathleen Ferrier (1912–1953) was a renowned British contralto singer celebrated for her rich voice and emotional performances. Initially working as a telephonist, she gained fame in the classical music scene, performing in concerts and operas. Ferrier became known for her interpretations of works by composers such as Mahler and Bach. Despite her brief career, she left a lasting impact on the music world, becoming an iconic figure in British classical music.


For more details, visit Wikipedia.

24. Kathleen Ferrier, Wensley Fold

"Wensley Fold CE School. The Victorian House formerly in these grounds became Crosshill Preparatory School attended by Kathleen Ferrier, Contralto (1912-1953)"

Wensley Fold CE School – The Legacy of Crosshill Preparatory School


Wensley Fold CE School stands on grounds that were once home to Crosshill Preparatory School, a Victorian house that nurtured young minds, including that of the renowned contralto Kathleen Ferrier, who attended from 1920 to 1927. Born in 1912, Ferrier would go on to become one of the most celebrated vocalists of the 20th century, renowned for her powerful voice and emotional depth in performances.


Crosshill Preparatory School played a pivotal role in shaping Ferrier’s early education and artistic development, laying the foundation for her illustrious career in music. During her time there, she demonstrated exceptional talent, which would later propel her to international fame as she captivated audiences with her performances in opera and song.


Today, as you visit Wensley Fold CE School, you can reflect on the rich history of this site and its connection to a remarkable figure in British music. The legacy of Crosshill Preparatory School continues to inspire current generations, reminding us of the transformative power of education and the arts.

Kathleen Ferrier (1912–1953) was a renowned British contralto singer celebrated for her rich voice and emotional performances. Initially working as a telephonist, she gained fame in the classical music scene, performing in concerts and operas. Ferrier became known for her interpretations of works by composers such as Mahler and Bach. Despite her brief career, she left a lasting impact on the music world, becoming an iconic figure in British classical music.


For more details, visit Wikipedia.

25. Lieut Commander Percy Dean, 1918

"Lieut. Commander Percy Dean M.P., who was awarded the V.C. for his part in the raid on Zeebrugge in Belgium on 23rd April 1918, lived here."

Home of Percy Dean – Blackburn Hero, Zeebrugge VC winner and Member of Parliament


Percy Thompson Dean, born in Blackburn, became a decorated hero for his remarkable bravery during the Zeebrugge Raid on 23 April 1918, a key British naval operation in WWI. Initially a successful slate merchant with a talent for sailing, Dean was tasked with captaining Motor Launch ML 282 during the raid, one of the most dangerous missions of the war. The objective was to scuttle three ships—HMS Iphigenia, Thetis, and Intrepid—in the entrance of the Bruges Canal to block the German fleet from deploying submarines into the English Channel.


HMS Vindictive was assigned to land over 200 men on the harbour wall at Zeebrugge to disable German shore batteries, allowing the blockships safe passage. However, Vindictive missed its target, and the German defenses remained largely intact, leaving Dean’s small motorboat and others fully exposed to heavy fire. The motor launches were then sent in to extract as many sailors as possible from the sunken blockships. Dean’s boat endured direct fire from German batteries and hundreds of machine guns stationed along the harbour wall and the canal.


Despite overwhelming odds, Dean’s boat saved over 100 lives, many of whom were stowaways hoping to join the dangerous mission. Overloaded and damaged, ML 282 faced steering issues, further complicating their retreat. While narrowly escaping with a severely injured crew, Dean’s boat had to navigate the open sea for 65 miles back to safety. Eventually, HMS Warwick arrived to assist and brought the survivors back to British soil.

Percy Dean (1877–1939) was a British businessman, politician, and decorated naval officer. Serving in World War I, he received the Victoria Cross for exceptional bravery during the Zeebrugge Raid, rescuing over 100 men under heavy fire. Post-war, he became a Conservative MP for Blackburn (1918–1922) and chaired the Moelferna Slate Company. His medal is on display at the Imperial War Museum in London. He passed away in London in 1939, leaving a lasting legacy as one of Blackburn’s most celebrated war heroes.

For further information, visit Wikipedia.

26. Jack Walker, 1929-2000

"Jack Walker 1929 - 2000, Entrepreneur, Philanthropist, Benefactor, and Patron of Blackburn Rovers was born here."

Birthplace of Jack Walker – A Visionary Entrepreneur and Philanthropist


Jack Walker, born in Blackburn in 1929, was an influential entrepreneur, philanthropist, and dedicated benefactor of Blackburn Rovers Football Club. After beginning his career in his family’s sheet metal business, Walker took the helm and successfully expanded the company. In the late 1980s, he sold the business and turned his attention to his lifelong passion: football.


In a moment of great devotion to his hometown club, Walker purchased Blackburn Rovers, committing both his resources and his heart to revitalising the team. Under his leadership, the club returned to its former glory, culminating in the historic Premier League victory in 1995. His impact on the club and the community was profound, as he invested not just in the team, but also in various charitable causes, earning a reputation as a generous patron who deeply cared for Blackburn.


Jack Walker’s legacy is one of ambition, community spirit, and unwavering support for local football. Today, as you stand in his birthplace, you can reflect on the remarkable journey of a man who transformed not only a football club but also the lives of many through his philanthropic efforts. His contributions continue to resonate within the fabric of Blackburn, reminding us of the power of passion and dedication.

Jack Walker (1929–2000) was a British entrepreneur and philanthropist, best known as the benefactor of Blackburn Rovers Football Club. After selling his family’s sheet metal business, he invested in the club, leading it to win the Premier League in 1995. Walker’s contributions extended beyond football; he was involved in various charitable initiatives, particularly in education and health care. His legacy includes significant advancements for the club and the community in Blackburn.


For further information, visit Wikipedia.

27. Chad Varah, 1942-1949

Rev Rd Chad Varah, CH, CBE, MA was vicar of Holy Trinity Blackburn from 1942 to 1949. He founded the Samaritans in 1953.

The Legacy of Rev. Chad Varah – Founder of the Samaritans


Rev. Chad Varah, CH, CBE, MA, served as the vicar of Holy Trinity Blackburn from 1942 to 1949, a period during which he profoundly impacted the local community. Known for his compassionate approach and commitment to helping others, Varah’s experiences during and after World War II inspired him to take action against the rising tide of despair he witnessed.


In 1953, he founded the Samaritans, a pioneering charity dedicated to providing emotional support to anyone in distress, struggling to cope, or at risk of self-harm. This groundbreaking initiative aimed to create a safe space where individuals could reach out for help without judgment. The Samaritans has since grown into a vital service across the UK and Ireland, offering a lifeline to those in need and promoting mental health awareness.


Standing here in Blackburn, you can appreciate the lasting legacy of Rev. Chad Varah, whose vision and dedication transformed countless lives through the establishment of the Samaritans. His commitment to providing support and understanding continues to resonate, ensuring that help is available to those who need it most. Varah’s contributions remind us of the importance of empathy and the power of community in addressing mental health challenges.

Chad Varah (1911–2007) was a British clergyman and the founder of the Samaritans, a charity established to provide emotional support to individuals in distress. He served as the vicar of Holy Trinity Church in Blackburn from 1942 to 1949 before founding the Samaritans in 1953. Varah’s work significantly contributed to preventative measures and mental health awareness. His legacy is marked by his commitment to helping those in crisis and promoting mental well-being.


For more details, visit Wikipedia and Samaritans.

28. James O'Donnell, 1958

"Blackburn Borough Police

Here fell Detective Inspector James O'Donnell QPM MM & BAR 13th December 1958

Police Memorial Trust"

James O'Donnell – A Brave Policeman


On 12 December 1958, Detective Inspector James O’Donnell responded to a critical situation involving an armed man who had already killed his wife and wounded a fellow police officer. Despite being unarmed himself, DI O’Donnell entered the home on Brewery Street (now University Close), hoping to negotiate with the gunman. Tragically, he was shot in the chest and died shortly after.


Known for his bravery and dedication, O’Donnell was posthumously awarded the Queen’s Police Medal for Gallantry, one of the highest recognitions for police bravery in the UK. His actions demonstrated immense courage and a profound commitment to public safety.

29. Lower Darwen Stocks, Undated

"Lower Darwen Stocks

Stocks Bridge over the nearby River Darwen owes its name to these stocks"

The Lower Darwen Stocks – A Reminder of Historical Justice


The Lower Darwen Stocks, located near Stocks Bridge over the River Darwen, serve as a poignant reminder of a bygone era of public punishment. Stocks were a common form of punishment in Europe and America from the Middle Ages through the 18th century. This wooden framework, featuring holes for the feet—and sometimes the hands—was designed to immobilise offenders, subjecting them to public humiliation.


The primary purpose of stocks was to deter crime by showcasing the consequences of misdeeds in a public forum. Offenders would be displayed for the community to see, making them a symbol of societal justice and discipline. Such public displays aimed to reinforce social norms and discourage others from engaging in similar behaviour.


Today, as you stand near the Lower Darwen Stocks, you are confronted with a significant piece of local history that reflects the social attitudes of the time. This site not only highlights the historical methods of punishment but also invites contemplation on the evolution of justice and community standards through the centuries. The stocks remain an intriguing part of Darwen’s heritage, illustrating the complexities of law and order in the past.

30. ALL HALLOWS SPRING WELL, undated

"Below this Plaque is the site of ALL HALLOWS SPRING WELL in ancient times a place of Pilgrimage and Healing - Erected 1955

All Hallows Spring Well - The Life of a Community


The following is disputed but is the best information available:


In the 1600s, England was a patchwork of small villages where communities relied heavily on limited resources, especially water. One such vital source in Blackburn was All Hallows Spring Well, a gathering point for residents seeking fresh water amid the challenges of daily life. This spring, connected by a narrow lane from Salford Bridge, was not just a means of hydration but a center for social interaction and spiritual belief, especially as its waters were reputed to have healing properties.


It is believed that, in 1654, a remarkable discovery near the River Blakewater transformed the spring’s significance: a stone tablet commemorating the dedication of a temple to the Helleno-Egyptian deity Serapis, attributed to Claudius Hieronymus, legate of the Legio VI Victrix. This find suggests that the site was sacred long before the Tudors, potentially dating back to prehistoric religious practices. The dedication to “All Hallows” further reinforces its spiritual importance in the community, indicating a continuity of reverence for the site through centuries.


Despite its historical significance, little remains of this once-prominent site today, save for a commemorative plaque detailing the discovery. As Blackburn grew during the industrial age, the increasing demand for water led to the decline of All Hallows Spring Well, overshadowed by the bustling needs of nearby breweries and factories. This transition reflects the broader changes in English society, where the sacred and communal spaces of the past faded under the weight of progress, marking the end of an era where water sources held a central place in community life.